EU Commission President von der Leyen said a pilot test run of food aid collected by a charity group and supported by the United Arab Emirates could be leaving Cyprus as early as Friday.

"We are launching this Cyprus maritime corridor together, the European Union, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States," she said after visiting facilities in Larnaca, Cyprus.

"We are now very close to opening this corridor, hopefully this Saturday-Sunday and I'm very glad to see an initial pilot will be launched today."

US officials say building the pier described by Biden could take weeks. Meanwhile, hospitals in northern Gaza are already reporting children dying of malnutrition. The UN says opening up more land routes should remain the priority.

"No US boots will be on the ground," said Biden, who did not indicate where the planned pier might be located. Most of Gaza's coast is beach and larger ships would be unable to approach it without dredging.

Pentagon spokesperson Air Force Major General Patrick Ryder said planning for the temporary port system was still in the early stages and would take "likely up to 60 days" to complete, involving some 1000 troops, though none would be deployed ashore.

"It's going to take time to build," British foreign minister David Cameron told reporters, adding that Israel should open its port at Ashdod north of Gaza for more aid deliveries in the meantime.

Some aid agencies say discussions of elaborate air and sea routes to bring aid into Gaza are a distraction when Israel is restricting existing access routes by land.

"There's an easier, more efficient way of bringing in assistance and that is via the road crossings that connect Israel with Gaza," said Juliette Touma, spokesperson for UNRWA, the UN relief agency for the Palestinians.

Michael Fakhri, a UN special rapporteur on the right to food, told reporters in Geneva, it was "absurd" that Washington was discussing complicated new routes to reach a territory blockaded by its own ally.

"From a humanitarian perspective, from an international perspective, from a human rights perspective, it is absurd in a dark, cynical way," he said.

Israel says it is not blocking aid through two checkpoints on the southern edge of Gaza, and blames the UN and other agencies for failing to transport and deliver enough of it.

Humanitarian agencies say that is nearly impossible in a war zone, and Israel is responsible for ensuring safe access.

The United States and other countries have also been airdropping supplies, though the amounts involved are small.

Five Palestinians were killed and several were wounded when boxes of aid dropped by planes fell on them by mistake in northwest Gaza on Friday, said Mahmoud Basal, spokesman of the Civil Emergency Service in Gaza.

Time is rapidly running out for ceasefire talks to reach an agreement on a proposed six-week truce that Washington had hoped would be in place by Ramadan, expected to start on Sunday.

Egyptian security sources have said the ceasefire talks, taking place in Cairo without an Israeli delegation, would resume on Sunday, amid fears that violence could escalate across the region during the Muslim holy month.

Biden said reaching a deal by the start of Ramadan was "looking tough".

Israel has said any ceasefire must be temporary and that its goal remains the destruction of Hamas. Hamas says it will release its hostages only as part of a deal that ends the war.

The Islamist group precipitated the war by killing 1200 people and abducted 253 in a rampage into Israel on October 7, according to Israeli tallies.

In response, Israel launched a ground offensive and aerial bombardment of the densely populated Gaza Strip which, as of Friday, had killed at least 30,878 Palestinians and wounded 72,402, according to the Hamas-run enclave's health ministry.

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