Hospitals and clinics across India have turned away patients except for emergency cases as medical professionals started a 24-hour shutdown in protest against the brutal rape and murder of a doctor in the eastern city of Kolkata.
More than one million doctors were expected to join the strike on Saturday, paralysing medical services across the world's most populous nation.
Hospitals said faculty staff from medical colleges had been pressed into service for emergency cases.
The government, in a statement issued on Saturday after a meeting with representatives of medical associations, urged doctors to return to duties in the public interest.
A 31-year old trainee doctor was raped and murdered last week inside the medical college in Kolkata where she worked, triggering nationwide protests among doctors and drawing parallels to the notorious gang rape and murder of a 23-year-old student on a moving bus in New Delhi in 2012.
The strike, which began at 6am, cut off access to elective medical procedures and outpatient consultations, according to a statement by the Indian Medical Association (IMA).
"Junior doctors have all been on strike, so this would mean 90 per cent of doctors are on strike," Sanjeev Singh Yadav, a representative of the IMA in the southern state of Telangana, told Reuters.
Outside the RG Kar Medical College, where the crime took place, a heavy police presence was seen on Saturday while the hospital premises were deserted, according to the ANI news agency.
Mamata Banerjee, the chief minister of West Bengal, which includes Kolkata, has backed the protests across the state, demanding the investigation be fast-tracked and the guilty be punished in the strongest way possible.
A large number of private clinics and diagnostic centres remained closed in Kolkata on Saturday.
Dr Sandip Saha, a private paediatrician in the city, told Reuters he would not attend to patients except in emergencies.
Hospitals and clinics in Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh, Ahmedabad in Gujarat, Guwahati in Assam and Chennai in Tamil Nadu and other cities joined the strike, set to be one of the largest shutdown of hospital services in recent memory.
India's Central Bureau of Investigation, the agency investigating the rape and murder, has summoned a number of medical students from the RG Kar college to ascertain the circumstances of the crime, according to a police source in Kolkata.
The CBI also questioned the principal of the hospital on Friday, the source said.
Questioning continued on Saturday, local television channels reported. One suspect is in the agency's custody.
India's government introduced sweeping changes to the criminal justice system, including tougher sentences, after the Delhi gang-rape, but campaigners say little has changed.
Anger at the failure of tougher laws to deter a rising tide of violence against women has fuelled protests by doctors and women's groups.
"Women form the majority of our profession in this country. Time and again, we have asked for safety for them," IMA president RV Asokan told Reuters on Friday.
The IMA is calling for further legal measures to better protect healthcare workers from violence and swift investigation of the "barbaric" crime in Kolkata.
"The punishment should be the harshest possible, should come faster, so within public memory," said senior criminal layer Shobha Gupta, who represented a Muslim woman gang-raped during religious riots that swept the western state of Gujarat in 2002.
The government said in its statement a committee would be set up to suggest measures to further improve protection for healthcare professionals.
1800 RESPECT (1800 737 732)
National Sexual Abuse and Redress Support Service 1800 211 028
